Did you have gambling losses last year? If so, you may be entitled to a deduction. Here is what you need to know at tax return time.
- Irs Write Off Gambling Losses Rules
- Irs Write Off Gambling Losses Against
- Irs Write Off Gambling Losses Offset
- Irs Write Off Gambling Losses Winnings
The most important rule
The biggest single thing to know is that you can only deduct gambling losses for the year to the extent of your gambling winnings for the year. So if you won $2,500 gambling in 2014, the most you can deduct of your losses is $2,500 — no matter how much you lost. This limitation applies to the combined results from any and all types of gambling — playing the lottery, slots, poker, the horses, and all the rest. And the limitation applies to both amateur and professional gamblers.
Limitations on loss deductions The amount of gambling losses you can deduct can never exceed the winnings you report as income. For example, if you have $5,000 in winnings but $8,000 in losses, your deduction is limited to $5,000. You could not write off the remaining $3,000, or carry it forward to future years. As an example, let's say that in a given year you went gambling twice, winning $6,000 in one instance, but losing $8,000 in another. In this case, you can only deduct $6,000 from that $8,000 loss. In Mayo, 136 T.C. 81 (2011), the court held the limitation on deducting gambling losses does not apply to ordinary and necessary business expenses incurred in connection with the trade or business of gambling. Therefore, a professional gambler may report a business loss, which may be applied against other income from the year.
As noted, the IRS requires that you maintain records of your gambling activities if you hope to deduct losses. Deductible gambling expenses include travel expenses to or from a casino.
After applying the losses-cannot-exceed-winnings limitation, the allowable gambling loss deduction for a person who is not a professional gambler is claimed on Line 28 of Schedule A (Itemized Deductions). If you don't itemize, you get no write-off. Also, amateur gamblers can only deduct actual wagering losses. Other gambling-related expenses (transportation, meals, lodging, and so forth) cannot be written off.
An amateur gambler should report the full amount of his or her winnings as miscellaneous income on Line 21 on Page 1 of Form 1040. If your winnings exceed your losses, you cannot just report the net winnings on Line 21. Instead, report your gross winnings on Line 21 and your losses (up to the amount of your winnings) on Line 28 of Schedule A, assuming you itemize.
Over the years, quite a few court decisions have attempted to define what it takes to be a professional gambler. The bottom line is you must devote substantial time to gambling on a regular basis, and you must depend on gambling winnings as a meaningful source of income.
It also helps if you conduct your gambling activities in a businesslike fashion by keeping detailed records of wins and losses and developing and evaluating strategies.
If you can rightly claim professional gambler status, report your gross winnings as income on Line 1 of Schedule C of Form 1040 (Profit or Loss from Business). Report your losses (up to the amount of your winnings) and your allowable out-of-pocket gambling-related expenses (for transportation, 50% of out-of-town meal costs, out-of-town lodging, and so forth) as business expenses on Schedule C.
Note that a professional gambler's allowable out-of-pocket expenses can be deducted in full on Schedule C without regard to the amount of winnings. In other words, you aren't required to combine out-of-pocket expenses with gambling losses in applying the losses-cannot-exceed-winnings limitation.
Warning: The seemingly benign rule that a professional gambler's winnings and losses belong on Schedule C can have a big negative impact in profitable years, because net Schedule C income gets hit with the dreaded self-employment tax. In some cases, this can make claiming professional gambler status more expensive than amateur status.
Form W-2G keeps winners honest
For most types of gambling at a legitimate gaming facility, you will usually be issued a Form W-2G (Certain Gambling Winnings) if you win $600 or more. The IRS gets a copy too, so you better make sure the gross gambling winnings reported on Line 21 of your Form 1040 (or on Line 1 of Schedule C if you are a professional) at least equal the sum of the amounts reported on any Forms W-2G you receive.
Record keeping basics
Whether you are an amateur or professional gambler, you must adequately document the amount of your losses in order to claim your rightful gambling loss deductions. According to the IRS, taxpayers must compile the following information in a log or similar record.
- The date and type of each wager or wagering activity.
- The name and location of the gambling establishment.
- The names of other persons (if any) present with you at the gambling establishment (obviously this requirement cannot be met at a public venue such as a casino or racetrack).
- The amount won or lost.
You can document winnings and losses from table games by recording the number of the table and keeping statements showing casino credit issued to you. See also IRS Publication 529 (Miscellaneous Deductions) at irs.gov.
Prices of gionee phones in slot nigeria today. Per-session record keeping is apparently OK
In theory, you are supposed to record each gambling win or loss — from each spin of the slot machine, each poker hand, and each horse race. Of course, nobody actually does that. Thankfully, the IRS relented a few years ago by saying that casual slot players can simply keep a record of the net win or net loss amount for each gambling session. The Tax Court appeared to endorse this per-session approach in a 2009 decision. The casual slot player should then report the sum total of net winnings from all winning sessions as income on Line 21 of Form 1040 (the amount should at least equal the total amount of winnings reported on any Forms W-2G you receive). The sum total of net losses from all losing sessions can be deducted on Line 28 of Schedule A, subject to the losses-cannot-exceed-winnings limitation. Presumably, the per-session approach of recording net wins and losses from each gambling session will also be considered adequate record keeping for other types of gambling for both amateur and professional gamblers. Poker players, take note!
Irs Write Off Gambling Losses Rules
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Irs Write Off Gambling Losses Offset
If you gamble, be sure you understand the tax consequences. Both wins and losses can affect your income tax bill. And changes under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) could also have an impact.
Wins and taxable income
You must report 100% of your gambling winnings as taxable income. The value of complimentary goodies ('comps') provided by gambling establishments must also be included in taxable income as winnings.
Winnings are subject to your regular federal income tax rate. You might pay a lower rate on gambling winnings this year because of rate reductions under the TCJA.
Amounts you win may be reported to you on IRS Form W-2G ('Certain Gambling Winnings'). In some cases, federal income tax may be withheld, too. Anytime a Form W-2G is issued, the IRS gets a copy. So if you've received such a form, remember that the IRS will expect to see the winnings on your tax return.
Losses and tax deductions
You can write off gambling losses as a miscellaneous itemized deduction. While miscellaneous deductions subject to the 2% of adjusted gross income floor are not allowed for 2018 through 2025 under the TCJA, the deduction for gambling losses isn't subject to that floor. So gambling losses are still deductible.
But the TCJA's near doubling of the standard deduction for 2018 (to $24,000 for married couples filing jointly, $18,000 for heads of households and $12,000 for singles and separate filers) means that, even if you typically itemized deductions in the past, you may no longer benefit from itemizing. Itemizing saves tax only when total itemized deductions exceed the applicable standard deduction.
Also be aware that the deduction for gambling losses is limited to your winnings for the year, and any excess losses cannot be carried forward to future years. Also, out-of-pocket expenses for transportation, meals, lodging and so forth can't be deducted unless you qualify as a gambling professional.
And, for 2018 through 2025, the TCJA modifies the limit on gambling losses for professional gamblers so that all deductions for expenses incurred in carrying out gambling activities, not just losses, are limited to the extent of gambling winnings.
Irs Write Off Gambling Losses Winnings
Tracking your activities
To claim a deduction for gambling losses, you must adequately document them, including:
- The date and type of gambling activity.
- The name and address or location of the gambling establishment.
- The names of other persons (if any) present with you at the gambling establishment. (Obviously, this is not possible when the gambling occurs at a public venue such as a casino, race track, or bingo parlor.)
- The amount won or lost.
You can document income and losses from gambling on table games by recording the number of the table you played and keeping statements showing casino credit issued to you. For lotteries, you can use winning statements and unredeemed tickets as documentation.
Please contact us if you have questions or want more information about the tax treatment of gambling wins and losses.
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